What is CLR in C#/.NET?

CLR stands for Common Language Runtime. It is the execution engine of .NET and manages the execution of .NET applications.

The CLR is responsible for memory management, garbage collection, exception handling, type safety, thread management, security, and JIT compilation.

C# source code is compiled into Intermediate Language (IL). At runtime, the CLR uses the JIT compiler to convert IL into native machine code that the processor can execute.