What is the difference between client-side and server-side Git hooks?

Client-side hooks run on a developer's machine during operations such as commit or push. They are useful for fast feedback but cannot be trusted as the only enforcement mechanism because users can omit, change, or bypass local hooks.

Server-side hooks run on the Git server during receive operations and can enforce repository-wide policies. On hosted platforms such as GitHub, repository rules, protected branches, required checks, and GitHub Actions commonly provide centralized enforcement instead of custom server hooks.